Which explanation should the nurse provide about the barium enema procedure?

• A. X-ray is used to visualize the large intestine after barium is instilled
• B. Movement of barium in the colon is observed through a scope
• C. A barium-based dye is injected intravenously, followed by abdominal scanning
• D. A digital exam is performed after the barium is removed by an enema

Answer: (A)

A barium enema works by using X-ray imaging to visualize the large intestine after a barium sulfate contrast is instilled into the colon. The patient receives the contrast through the rectum, and fluoroscopy or timed X-ray images are used to watch how the barium fills and moves through the colon. This coating of the mucosa with radiopaque material outlines the shape and any irregularities, allowing evaluation for inflammation, ulcers, polyps, diverticula, strictures, or other abnormalities common in inflammatory bowel disease. Afterward, stools may appear white until the barium clears, and drinking fluids can help flush it out. The other descriptions refer to different procedures—scope-based visualization, intravenous contrast imaging, or a digital rectal exam—which are not how a barium enema is performed.